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Maxillary Triangular

# Maxillary Central Incisor

[Next tooth Maxillary Lateral Incisor FDI 12 · 22](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/max-lateral-incisor)

![Maxillary central incisor — triangular palatal access cavity with a single canal orifice](https://endo-guide.app/images/access-cavities/atlas/maxillary-central-incisor.webp)

Maxillary central incisor — triangular palatal access cavity with a single canal orifice

 Average Length 23.0 mm

 Root Development 10 years

 Universal # 8, 9

 FDI # 11, 21

### Access Cavity Design

Shape Triangular / Round

OrientationBase toward incisal edge, apex toward cingulum; centered on palatal surface

Entry PointCenter of palatal surface, just above cingulum

DimensionsM-D: 1.54 mmB-L: 1.51 mm

Landmarks

- Pulp horns (typically 3 in young teeth — mesial, distal, central)
- Cingulum as inferior boundary of access

Do Not Invade

- Incisal edge (preserve for esthetics and function)
- Labial wall (esthetic zone — maintain dentin thickness)

### Canal Anatomy

#### Configurations

Single canal~100%

Two canals (rare case reports)<1%

#### Canal Positions

 MC Main Canal

Central, round/circular cross-section at all levels; wide at cervical, progressively constricts toward apex

#### Danger Zones

- ⚠Labial perforation risk if bur directed too far labially during access
- ⚠Proximity to incisive canal/foramen in palatal root apex region

### Clinical Tips

Tip

Extend access incisally to expose all pulp horns — prevents discoloration from residual pulp tissue

Tip

Pulp chamber is shallow — minimal drop-in feeling expected

Tip

More than 1/3 of canal is directly visible — ideal for beginners

Technique

Consider conservative endodontic cavity (CEC) in structurally sound teeth to improve fracture resistance

### Anatomical Variations

#### Two Roots / Two Canals

<1% (rare case reports)

Extremely rare bifurcation of root or canal system, documented in isolated case reports. May be associated with developmental anomalies or trauma history.

Access Modification: Extended access to locate both orifices; CBCT recommended for mapping anatomy

### Other teeth in the atlas

Maxillary

[Maxillary Lateral Incisor](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/max-lateral-incisor)[Maxillary Canine](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/max-canine)[Maxillary First Premolar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/max-first-premolar)[Maxillary Second Premolar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/max-second-premolar)[Maxillary First Molar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/max-first-molar)[Maxillary Second Molar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/max-second-molar)

Mandibular

[Mandibular Central Incisor](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/mand-central-incisor)[Mandibular Lateral Incisor](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/mand-lateral-incisor)[Mandibular Canine](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/mand-canine)[Mandibular First Premolar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/mand-first-premolar)[Mandibular Second Premolar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/mand-second-premolar)[Mandibular First Molar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/mand-first-molar)[Mandibular Second Molar](https://endo-guide.app/access-cavities/mand-second-molar)

For Educational Purposes Only

Access cavity designs based on established endodontic principles. Always refer to current literature and clinical guidelines.

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